What is a Periscope?

Struggling to achieve clear underwater views? Missing critical surveillance or navigation opportunities? A precision optical periscope can solve these challenges.

Introduction of Periscope

A periscope is an instrument for observation over, around or through an object, obstacle or condition that prevents direct line-of-sight observation from an observer’s current position.

In its simplest form, it consists of an outer case with mirrors at each end set parallel to each other at a 45° angle. This form of periscope, with the addition of two simple lenses, served for observation purposes. Some personnel also use periscopes in armoured vehicles.

More complex periscopes using prisms or advanced fiber optics instead of mirrors and providing magnification operate on submarine and in various fields of science. The overall design of the classical submarine periscope is very simple: two telescopes pointed into each other. If the two telescopes have different individual magnification, the difference between them causes an overall magnification or reduction.

Armored vehicle periscope

Tanks and armoured vehicles use periscopes: they enable drivers, tank commanders, and other vehicle occupants to inspect their situation through the vehicle roof. Prior to periscopes, direct vision slits were cut in the armour for occupants to see out. Periscopes permit view outside of the vehicle without needing to cut these weaker vision openings in the front and side armour, better protecting the vehicle and occupants.

A protectoscope is a related periscopic vision device designed to provide a window in armoured plate, similar to a direct vision slit. A compact periscope inside the protectoscope allows the vision slit to be blanked off with spaced armoured plate. This prevents a potential ingress point for small arms fire, with only a small difference in vision height, but still requires the armour to be cut.

In the context of armoured fighting vehicles, such as tanks, a periscopic vision device may also be referred to as an episcope. In this context a periscope refers to a device that can rotate to provide a wider field of view (or is fixed into an assembly that can), while an episcope is fixed into position.

Discovering how periscopes revolutionize vision systems in various industries is crucial. Dive deeper to understand their applications and technology.

Periscopes allow a submarine, when submerged at a relatively shallow depth, to search visually for nearby targets and threats on the surface of the water and in the air. When not in use, a submarine’s periscope retracts into the hull. A submarine commander in some conditions must exercise discretion when using his periscope, since it creates a visible wake (and may also become detectable by radar, giving away the submarine’s position.

VY Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. specializes in the design and manufacturing of various periscopes and periscope prisms. In addition to conventional glass periscopes, we also offer periscopes with defrosting and heating functions, With these features, you’ll no longer need to worry about harsh weather or extreme environments.

Prism periscopes with normal specifications are available from VY

Customization is available to meet your specific requirements.

People Also Ask

What is a Periscope Used For?

Military and Defense Applications

Periscopes are vital in military contexts, particularly in submarines and armored vehicles. Submarine periscopes allow observation above water while staying submerged, ensuring stealth. Tactical periscopes used in tanks utilize precision optics, such as periscope prisms, to view surroundings safely under protection.

Scientific and Industrial Uses

In scientific imaging, periscopes serve as optical tools for precision observations in research settings. Industrial applications include inspection systems where extended views are needed in confined spaces, leveraging durable and lightweight periscope optics for efficiency.

Surveillance and Security

Periscopes are indispensable in surveillance systems, offering discreet observation capabilities. Anti-reflective periscope optics ensure clear visibility while avoiding detection, crucial in sensitive security operations.

What is a Periscope Prism?

A periscope prism is an optical component that redirects light within a periscope system, ensuring clear and precise image transmission. Unlike mirrors, prisms offer enhanced durability and optical performance. High-precision prisms, such as the tetra prism, provide superior image clarity, making them ideal for applications requiring reliability, like military-grade periscopes.

What are the Two Types of Periscope?

The two main types are prism periscopes and mirror periscopes. Prism periscopes, often featuring tetra prisms or right-angle prisms, are preferred for their durability and optical clarity. Mirror periscopes, though simpler and cost-effective, may lack the longevity and performance needed in demanding environments. Modern systems increasingly use prismatic designs for enhanced reliability.

How Far Can a Periscope See?

The range of a periscope depends on its optical design and application. Military-grade periscopes can cover significant distances, such as several kilometers, for long-range surveillance. High-performance optics, such as custom periscope lens systems, optimize clarity and range, making these devices invaluable in aerospace and defense industries.

What is the Disadvantage of a Periscope?

Periscopes are limited by their size and complexity. Compact designs may compromise viewing range, while sophisticated systems can be costly and require maintenance. Lightweight periscope lenses mitigate some of these drawbacks, but ensuring proper care and calibration remains essential for optimal performance.

Conclusion

Periscopes have diverse applications across industries, demonstrating their critical role in maximizing efficiency and precision. Contact us to design a custom periscope tailored to your specific needs.